Muva nje, iPakistan yethule ngokusemthethweni isitimela esikhethekile sezinto zokusetshenziswa zendwangu esixhuma iKarachi neGuangzhou, eChina. Ukugunyazwa kwalo mzila omusha wezinto ezisetshenziswayo oweqa umngcele akugcini nje ngokufaka umfutho omusha ekusebenzisaneni kochungechunge lwezimboni zendwangu yaseChina-Pakistan kodwa futhi kwakheka kabusha iphethini evamile yokuthutha impahla yendwangu ewela umngcele e-Asia ngezinzuzo ezimbili “zokusebenza ngesikhathi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko”, okunomthelela omkhulu ezimakethe zendwangu emazweni angaphandle kanye nasezimakethe zomhlaba.
Mayelana nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuhamba, lesi sitimela esikhethekile sizuze impumelelo ebalulekile "ejubaneni nasezindlekweni". Isikhathi sayo sokuhamba siyizinsuku eziyi-12 kuphela. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sohambo lwezinsuku ezingama-30-35 lwempahla yasolwandle evamile esuka e-Karachi Port ukuya e-Guangzhou Port, ukusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha kufinyezwa ngokuqondile cishe ngama-60%, kucindezela kakhulu umjikelezo wezinto zokusetshenziswa zendwangu. Okuphawuleka nakakhulu, ngenkathi kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwesikhathi, izindleko zesitimela esikhethekile ziphansi ngo-12% kunezokuthutha olwandle, okuphula isimiso sokusebenza sokuthi "ukusebenza ngesikhathi kufanele kuze nezindleko eziphezulu". Sithatha amathani angu-1,200 entambo kakotini ethwalwa isitimela sokuqala njengesibonelo, ngokusekelwe enanini lamanje lamazwe ngamazwe lentengo yempahla yasolwandle yezintambo zikakotini (cishe u-$200 ngethani), izindleko zokuhamba zendlela eyodwa zingonga cishe ngama-$28,800. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igwema ngempumelelo izingozi ezivame ukubonakala ezimpahleni zasolwandle njengokuminyana kwechweba nokubambezeleka kwesimo sezulu, ihlinzeka amabhizinisi ngosekelo lwezokuthutha oluzinzile.
Ngokombono wesilinganiso sohwebo nokuhlobana kwezimboni, ukwethulwa kwalesi sitimela esikhethekile kufana ngokunembile nezidingo zokubambisana ezijulile zemboni yendwangu yase-China-Pakistan. Njengomthombo obalulekile wokungeniswa kwentambo kakotini e-China, i-Pakistan sekuyisikhathi eside ibalelwa ku-18% wemakethe yokungeniswa kwentambo kakotini yaseChina. Ngo-2024, ukungeniswa kwentambo kakotini yaseChina evela ePakistan kwafinyelela kumathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.2, ikakhulukazi ihlinzeka ngamaqoqo emboni yendwangu eGuangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu nakwezinye izifundazwe. Phakathi kwazo, amabhizinisi endwangu e-Guangzhou nasemadolobheni aseduze ancike kakhulu emiculweni kakotini yasePakistan - cishe u-30% wokukhiqizwa kwezindwangu eziphothwe ukotini endaweni yendawo kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwentambo kakotini yasePakistan. Ngenxa yobude bayo obusesilinganisweni be-fiber nokufana okuphezulu kokudaya, intambo kakotini yasePakistan iwumsuka wempahla yokukhiqiza izindwangu zezingubo ezimaphakathi kuya phezulu. Amathani angu-1,200 entambo kakotini athwalwa ohambweni lokuqala lwesitimela esikhethekile ahlinzekwa ngokukhethekile kubathengisi bendwangu abakhulu abangaphezu kwe-10 ePanyu, eHuadu nakwezinye izindawo zaseGuangzhou, ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zalawa mabhizinisi cishe izinsuku eziyi-15. Ngokusebenza okuvamile "kohambo olulodwa ngeviki" esigabeni sokuqala, cishe amathani angu-5,000 entambo kakotini azohlinzekwa ngokuzinzile emakethe yaseGuangzhou nyanga zonke esikhathini esizayo, kunciphisa ngokuqondile umjikelezo wezimpahla zokusetshenziswa zamabhizinisi endawo kusuka ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-45 kuye ezinsukwini ezingama-30. Lokhu kusiza amabhizinisi ehlise ukusebenza kwezimali futhi athuthukise izinhlelo zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, umuntu ophethe ibhizinisi lendwangu yase-Guangzhou uthe ngemuva kokufinyezwa komjikelezo wokusungula, inani lemali esebenzayo yenkampani lingakhuphuka cishe ngo-30%, okuyenza ikwazi ukuphendula kalula ezidingweni zoku-oda eziphuthumayo zamakhasimende omkhiqizo.
Mayelana nenani lesikhathi eside, isitimela esikhethekile sase-Karachi-Guangzhou sezinto zokusetshenziswa zendwangu siphinde sinikeze imodeli yokwandiswa kwenethiwekhi yezinto eziwela umngcele waseChina-Pakistan. Njengamanje, iPakistan ihlela ukwandisa kancane kancane izigaba zokuhamba ngokusekelwe kulesi sitimela esikhethekile. Ngokuzayo, ihlose ukufaka imikhiqizo yendwangu eqediwe njengezindwangu zendwangu yasekhaya kanye nezinsiza zezingubo endaweni yezokuthutha, ukwakha uchungechunge lwezimboni oluvaliwe "lwe-Pakistani eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka + ukucubungula nokukhiqiza kwamaShayina + ukusatshalaliswa komhlaba wonke". Khonamanjalo, amabhizinisi aseShayina ahlola ukuxhumeka kwalesi sitimela esikhethekile esinamaphasishi awela umngcele njenge-China-Europe Railway Express kanye ne-China-Laos Railway, akha inethiwekhi yezimpahla zendwangu ehlanganisa i-Asia futhi isakaza iYurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwethulwa kwalesi sitimela esikhethekile kuzophinde kuqhubekisele phambili ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yendwangu yasendaweni yasePakistan. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuhamba ezizinzile zesitimela esikhethekile, i-Karachi Port ePakistan iye yakha amayadi amasha ama-2 azinikele ezinto zokusetshenziswa zendwangu kanye nezinsiza ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlola kanye nezindawo zokuvalela abantu zodwa. Kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubekisele phambili ukwanda kwemisebenzi yasendaweni elinganiselwa ku-2,000 ehlobene nokuthunyelwa kwendwangu kwamanye amazwe, kuqhubeke nokuqinisa isikhundla sayo “njengesizinda sokuthekelisa kwezindwangu sase-Asia”.
Emabhizinisini okuhweba ngezindwangu zaseShayina angaphandle, ukusetshenziswa kwalo mhubhe akunciphisi kuphela izindleko eziphelele zokuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza kodwa futhi kunikeza inketho entsha yokubhekana nokuguquguquka kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokumelene nesizinda samanje se-European Union eqinisa izindinganiso zemvelo zendwangu futhi i-United States ibeka izintela ezengeziwe ezimpahleni zase-Asia, ukunikezwa kwempahla eluhlaza okuzinzile kanye nochungechunge lwempahla olusebenzayo kuzosiza amabhizinisi endwangu yaseShayina alungise ukwakheka kwawo komkhiqizo ngokuzolile futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo ochungechungeni lwenani lomhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-19-2025