Ishishini lamalaphu lase-Indiya lifumana “impembelelo yebhabhathane” ebangelwa sisixokelelwano sokubonelela ngomqhaphu. Njengomrhwebi ophambili welaphu lomqhaphu kwihlabathi jikelele, ukuhla nge-8% unyaka nonyaka ekuthunyelweni kwelaphu lomqhaphu eIndiya kwikota yesibini ka-2024 kuxhaswe kukunyuka kwamaxabiso womqhaphu wasekhaya ngenxa yokuncipha kwemveliso. Idatha ibonisa ukuba amaxabiso e-cotton e-India anyuke nge-22% ukusuka ekuqaleni kuka-2024 ukuya kwi-Q2, ngokuthe ngqo ukutyhala iindleko zemveliso yelaphu lomqhaphu kwaye yenza buthathaka ukukhuphisana kwexabiso kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Iimpembelelo zeRipple emva kweMveliso eNcitshisiweyo
Ukuncipha kwemveliso yomqhaphu eIndiya akuyongozi. Ngexesha lokutyala lika-2023-2024, iindawo eziphambili zokuvelisa ezifana ne-Maharashtra kunye ne-Gujarat zithwaxwa yimbalela engaqhelekanga, ekhokelele ekwehleni kwe-15% ngonyaka ngonyaka kwisivuno somqhaphu kwindawo nganye. Isiphumo sisonke sehle saya kutsho kwi-34 yezigidi zeebhali (i-170 kg ngebhali nganye), eyona iphantsi kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo. Ukunqongophala kwempahla ekrwada ngokuthe ngqo kwabangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, kunye nabavelisi belaphu lomqhaphu banamandla okuxoxisana abuthathaka: i-textile mills encinci kunye nephakathi i-akhawunti ye-70% ye-textile industry yase-Indiya kunye nomzabalazo wokutshixa amaxabiso ezinto ekrwada ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano zexesha elide, kufuneka ukuba bamkele ukudluliselwa kweendleko.
Ukusabela kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kuthe ngqo ngakumbi. Phakathi kophambuko lwabakhuphisana abafana neBangladesh neVietnam, iiodolo zokuthunyelwa kwelaphu lomqhaphu laseIndiya kwi-EU kunye ne-US zehle nge-11% kunye ne-9% ngokulandelelanayo. Abathengi be-EU bathambekele kakhulu ekuguqukeni ePakistan, apho amaxabiso e-cotton ahlala ezinzile ngenxa yesivuno esikhulu, kunye nekowuteshini yelaphu lomqhaphu elifanayo yi-5% -8% ngaphantsi kunaleyo yaseIndiya.
Izixhobo zoMgaqo-nkqubo woKwaphula uMqobo
Xa kujongwe le ngxaki, impendulo karhulumente waseIndiya ibonisa ingqiqo ezimbini “zohlangulo olungxamisekileyo lwexeshana + notshintsho lwexesha elide”:
- Ukuphelisa imirhumo yokungeniswa kwelaphu yomqhaphu: Ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo uphunyeziwe, i-Indiya iya kukhulula imisonto yomqhaphu evela kumazwe angaphandle kumrhumo osisiseko wangoku we-10% kunye ne-5% yerhafu eyongezelelweyo. Ngokoqikelelo loMphathiswa weMiqhaphu yaseIndiya, eli nyathelo linokunciphisa iindleko zokungeniswa kwelaphu lomqhaphu kumazwe angaphandle nge-15%, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kunyuswe ukuthengwa kwelaphu lomqhaphu ngenyanga ngeetoni ezingama-50,000, ukuzalisa i-20% yesikhewu sempahla ekrwada yasekhaya kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwempahla ekrwada kubenzi belaphu lomqhaphu.
- Ukubheja kumzila womqhaphu osetyenzisiweyo: Urhulumente uceba ukubonelela ngesaphulelo serhafu esi-3% sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe amalaphu omqhaphu asetyenzisiweyo ngokusebenzisa “iNkqubo yeNkuthazo yokuThunyelelwa kweFayibha eRecycled kuThunyelwa ngaphandle” kunye nokusebenzisana nemibutho yoshishino ukuseka inkqubo yoqinisekiso lomgangatho womqhaphu osetyenzisiweyo. Kungoku nje, ukuthunyelwa kwelaphu lomqhaphu elisetyenzisiweyo e-Indiya kubalelwa ngaphantsi kwe-5%, ngelixa imarike yamalaphu elayisayikilisiweyo yehlabathi ikhula ngesantya sonyaka se-12%. Izahlulo zomgaqo-nkqubo kulindeleke ukuba ziqhube ukuthunyelwa kolu didi kumazwe angaphandle ukuba kudlule i-1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2024.
Ixhala loShishino kunye nezinto ezilindelweyo
Amashishini amalaphu asajonge ifuthe lemigaqo-nkqubo. USanjay Thakur, uMongameli weFederation of Indian Textile Industries, wachaza: "Ukucuthwa komrhumo kunokujongana nemfuno engxamisekileyo, kodwa umjikelo wokuthuthwa komsonto womqhaphu ongeniswa kumazwe angaphandle (iintsuku ezingama-45 ukuya kwezingama-60 zokungeniswa ngaphandle kweBrazil kunye ne-US) awunakuthathela indawo ngokupheleleyo ukukhawuleza kobonelelo lwendawo." Okubaluleke ngakumbi, imfuno yemarike yamazwe ngamazwe yelaphu lomqhaphu iyatshintsha ukusuka "kukubaluleka kwexabiso eliphantsi" ukuya "kuzinza" - i-EU iwise umthetho wokuba umlinganiselo weentsinga ezihlaziyiweyo kwimathiriyeli ekrwada ye-textile akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-50% ngo-2030, eyona nto ingundoqo emva kokukhuthazwa kwe-Indiya yokuthunyelwa kwe-cotton ephinda isetyenziswe.
Le ngxaki ibangelwe ngumqhaphu isenokuba inyanzelise ishishini lamalaphu laseIndiya ukuba likhawulezise inguqu yalo. Xa isithinteli somgaqo-nkqubo sexesha elifutshane kunye nokutshintsha umkhondo wexesha elide zenza intsebenziswano, ukuba ilaphu lomqhaphu laseIndiya ukuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kunokuyeka ukuwa nokuphinda kuqhagamshelwe kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2024 kuya kuba yifestile ebalulekileyo yokujonga uhlengahlengiso lwekhonkco lonikezelo lwamalaphu ehlabathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2025