Indasitiri yezvemachira yekuIndia iri kusangana ne "butterfly effect" inokonzereswa nedonje rekutengesa cheni. Semutengesi mukuru wepasi rose wemachira edonje, kuderera kwe8% gore-pagore kwekutengeswa kwedonje reIndia muchikamu chechipiri cha2024 kunotsigirwa nekukwira kwemitengo yedonje yemumba nekuda kwekudzikira kwekugadzirwa. Dhata inoratidza kuti mitengo yedonje yeIndia yakakwira ne22% kubva kutanga kwa2024 kusvika kuQ2, zvichikwidza zvakananga mutengo wekugadzira machira edonje uye kudzikisira kukwikwidza kwemitengo mumusika wepasirese.
Ripple Migumisiro Kuseri Kwakaderedzwa Kugadzirwa
Kudzikiswa kwekugadzirwa kwedonje kuIndia hakusi tsaona. Mumwaka wekudyara wa2023-2024, nzvimbo dzakakura dzekurima dzakaita seMaharashtra neGujarat dzakatambura nekusanaya kwemvura, izvo zvakakonzera kudonha kwegore negore kwegoho redonje ne15%. Izvo zvakabuda zvakawira kusvika ku34 miriyoni mabhero (170 kg pabhero), yakaderera mumakore mashanu apfuura. Kushomeka kwezvigadzirwa zvakakonzeresa kuwedzera kwemitengo, uye vagadziri vemachira edonje vane simba rekuita mari shoma: zvigayo zvidiki uye zvepakati zvemachira zvinotora 70% yeindasitiri yemachira yeIndia uye vanonetsekana kukiya mumitengo yezvigadzirwa kuburikidza nezvibvumirano zvenguva refu, vachingobvuma kuchinjisa mari.
Kuita mumusika wepasi rose kwakatonyanya kujeka. Pakati pekutsauswa kwevakwikwidzi vakaita seBangladesh neVietnam, India machira edonje ekutumira machira kuEU neUS akadzikira ne11% ne9% zvichiteerana. Vatengi veEU vanonyanya kuda kutendeukira kuPakistan, uko mitengo yedonje inoramba yakagadzikana nekuda kwegoho rakakura, uye quotation yejira redonje rakafanana i5% -8% yakaderera pane yeIndia.
Policy Toolkit yekupwanya Deadlock
Mukutarisana nedambudziko, mhinduro yehurumende yeIndia inoratidza pfungwa mbiri dze "kununura kwenguva pfupi yekukurumidzira + shanduko yenguva refu":
- Kubvisa mitero yekupinza shinda yedonje: Kana mutemo ukaitwa, India haichabvisi shinda yedonje kubva kunze kwenyika kubva pamutengo uripo we10% uye 5% yekuwedzera mutero. Zvinoenderana nefungidziro neIndia Ministry of Textiles, danho iri rinogona kuderedza mutengo wekutengwa kwedonje kubva kunze kwenyika ne15%, uye inotarisirwa kuwedzera mwedzi wega wega shinda yedonje kubva kunze kwenyika ne50,000 matani, ichizadza 20% yemugero wemidziyo yemumba uye kurerutsa kudzvanywa kwezvinhu kune vanogadzira machira edonje.
- Kubhejera pachirongwa chedonje chakadzokororwa: Hurumende inoronga kupa mutero wezvikamu zvitatu kubva muzana zvekutengesa kunze machira edonje akashandiswa patsva kuburikidza ne “Recycled Fiber Export Incentive Program” uye kushanda pamwe nemasangano emaindasitiri kuti vatange hurongwa hwekupa chitupa chedonje. Parizvino, machira edonje akadzokororwa anotengeswa neIndia kunze kwenyika anoita asingasviki 5%, ukuwo musika wepasi rose wemicheka wepasi rose uri kukura pamwero wepagore we12%. Migove yezvematongerwo enyika inotarisirwa kufambisa kunze kwenyika kwechikamu ichi kudarika madhora bhiriyoni muna 2024.
Indasitiri Kuzvidya Mwoyo uye Zvinotarisirwa
Mabhizinesi emachira achiri kutarisa mabatiro emitemo. Sanjay Thakur, Mutungamiriri weFederation of Indian Textile Industries, akataura kuti: "Kudzikiswa kwemitero kunogona kugadzirisa kudiwa kwechimbichimbi, asi kutenderera kweshinda yedonje inotengeswa kunze kwenyika (mazuva makumi mana neshanu ekutenga kunze kwenyika kubva kuBrazil neUS) haigone kutsiva zvizere iko iko kwekutengesa kwemuno." Zvakatonyanya kukosha ndezvokuti, kudiwa kwemusika wepasi rose kwemachira edonje kuri kusimuka kubva pa “mutengo wakaderera” kuenda ku “kusimba” - EU yakaisa mutemo wekuti chikamu chefaibha dzakadzokororwa muzvigadzirwa zvemachira hachifanirwe kunge chiri pasi pe50% panosvika 2030, inova ndiyo pfungwa huru yekukurudzira kweIndia kutengesazve donje kunze kwenyika.
Dambudziko iri rakakonzerwa nedonje rinogona kunge riri kumanikidza indasitiri yemachira yekuIndia kuti ikurumidze kushanduka kwayo. Kana iyo yenguva pfupi yepolicy buffer uye yenguva refu yekuchinja track ikaita synergy, ingave India machira edonje ekutengesa kunze kwenyika anogona kumira kudonha uye kudzokororwa muhafu yechipiri ya2024 richava hwindo rakakosha rekutarisa kugadziridzwazve kwepasi rose machira ekutengesa machira.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-05-2025