Musi waChikunguru 29, 2025, kuvandudzwa kwemutemo wekutengeserana kubva kuEuropean Union (EU) kwakakwezva kutarisisa kwakakura mukati meChina indasitiri yemachira. European Commission yakatanga kuferefeta kuferefetwa kweshinda yenylon yakatengwa kubva kuChina, zvichitevera chikumbiro chakaitwa neSpecial Alliance yeEuropean Nylon Yarn Producers. Tsvagiridzo iyi haingotarise zvikamu zvina zvezvigadzirwa pasi pemitero yemakodhi 54023100, 54024500, 54025100, uye 54026100 asi inosanganisirawo huwandu hwekutengesa hunosvika madhora zviuru makumi manomwe neshanu. Mabhizinesi eChinese akakanganisika anonyanya kutariswa mumapoka eindasitiri yemachira muZhejiang, Jiangsu, uye mamwe mapurovhinzi, zvine chekuita neketani yese yemaindasitiri - kubva pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu kusvika kumagumo ekutengesa kunze kwenyika - uye kugadzikana kwemakumi ezviuru emabasa.
Kuseri Kwekuferefeta: Yakapindirana Indasitiri Makwikwi uye Dziviriro Yekutengeserana
Chikonzero chekutsvagisa kuraswa kweEU chiri mukukwezvana kwevagadziri veshinda dzenaironi vekuEurope. Mumakore achangopfuura, indasitiri yeChina yeshinda dzenaironi yakawana chinzvimbo chakakosha mumusika wepasi rose, ichitungamirwa nerutsigiro rwayo rwemaindasitiri akakura, hukuru hwekugadzira, uye zvakanakira kusimudzira tekinoroji, nekutengesa kunze kwenyika kuEU kuri kukura zvakadzikama. Vagadziri vekuEurope vanopokana kuti mabhizinesi eChinese anogona kunge ari kutengesa zvigadzirwa ne "pasi peyakajairika kukosha," zvichikonzera "kukuvara kwezvinhu" kana "kutyisidzira kwekukuvara" kuEU indasitiri yemumba. Izvi zvakaita kuti mubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri umhan'are kuEuropean Commission.
Panyaya yehunhu hwechigadzirwa, iwo marudzi mana eshinda yenaironi iri kuferefetwa anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukupfeka, machira epamba, zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri mafirita, uye mimwe minda, inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha chinongedzo mumaindasitiri. Zvakanakira maindasitiri eChina muchikamu ichi hazvina kubuda nehusiku humwe: matunhu akaita seZhejiang neJiangsu akagadzira yakazara dhizaini sisitimu, kubva kune nylon chips (raw materials) kuenda kuspina nekudhaya. Mabhizinesi anotungamira akavandudza hunyanzvi nekuunza mitsara yekugadzira ine hungwaru, nepo madiki uye epakati mabhizinesi akadzikisa zvinhu uye mutengo wekubatana kuburikidza nemasumbu emhedzisiro, achipa zvigadzirwa zvawo kwakasimba mutengo-kuita kukwikwidza. Nekudaro, uku kukura kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, kunotsigirwa neakasimba maindasitiri ecosystem, kwakadudzirwa nemamwe makambani eEurope se "makwikwi asina kunaka," izvo zvinozoita kuti kuferefetwa.
Yakananga Impact paChinese Enterprises: Kukwira Kwemitengo uye Kukura Kwemusika Kusagadzikana
Kutangwa kwekuferefeta kunoreva 12-18 mwedzi "hondo yekutengeserana" yemabhizinesi eChina akabatanidzwa, ane zvinokanganisa zvinokurumidza kupararira kubva kugwaro kuenda kukugadzira kwavo nekuita sarudzo.
Kutanga, panekushanduka kwenguva pfupi kwekuraira. Vatengi veEU vanogona kutora maitiro ekumirira-uye-kuona panguva yekuferefeta, vaine mamwe maodha akareba ari panjodzi yekunonoka kana kuderedzwa. Kune mabhizinesi anovimba nemusika weEU (kunyanya ayo ayo EU inoverengera anopfuura makumi matatu muzana ezvepagore zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika), kuderera kwemirairo kunokanganisa kushandiswa kwesimba. Mumwe munhu anotarisira bhizinesi reshinda muZhejiang akaburitsa kuti mushure mekuferefetwa kwaziviswa, vatengi vaviri vekuGerman vakambomisa nhaurirano pamirairo mitsva, vachitaura nezvekudikanwa kwe "kuongorora njodzi yemitengo yekupedzisira."
Chechipiri, varipokuwedzera kwakavanzika mumitengo yekutengeserana. Kuti upindure pakuferefeta, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuisa zviwanikwa zvevanhu nemari mukugadzirira zvinhu zvekudzivirira, kusanganisira kuronga mitengo yekugadzira, mitengo yekutengesa, uye data rekunze kubva mumakore matatu apfuura. Mamwe mabhizinesi anodawo kuhaya mafemu emutemo eEU emuno, nemari dzekutanga dzemutemo dzinogona kusvika mazana ezviuru zveRMB. Uyezve, kana kuferefetwa kwakazowana kuraswa uye kuita mabasa ekurwisa kurasira (anogona kubva pamakumi mashoma kubva muzana kusvika pamusoro pe100%), mukana wemutengo wezvigadzirwa zveChinese mumusika weEU uchaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye vanogona kutomanikidzwa kubuda pamusika.
Kuwedzera kunosvika kure ndikokusava nechokwadi mukugadzirwa kwemusika. Kuti adzivise njodzi, makambani anogona kumanikidzwa kugadzirisa maitiro avo ekutengesa kunze-somuenzaniso, kushandura zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakatemerwa EU kumisika muSoutheast Asia, South America, nezvimwewo. Zvisinei, kugadzira misika mitsva kunoda nguva uye mari yekushandisa, uye havagoni kukurumidza kubhadhara gaka rakasiiwa nemusika weEU munguva pfupi. Bhizinesi repakati nepakati muJiangsu rakatotanga kutsvagisa nzira dzeVietnamese dzekugadzirisa, kuronga kudzikisa njodzi kuburikidza ne "nyika yechitatu-transshipment." Izvi, zvisinei, zvichawedzera mari yepakati uye kuwedzera kudzvanya purofiti.
Ripple Mhedzisiro Mhiri kweIndasitiri Chain: A Domino Mhedzisiro kubva kumaBhizinesi kuenda kumaIndustrial Clusters
Hunhu hwakaungana hweindasitiri yeshinda yenaironi yeChina zvinoreva kuti kuvhunduka kune imwechete link kunogona kupararira kumusoro nekudzika. Vatengesi vepamusoro pemachipisi enaironi uye mafekitori ekurukwa epasi (kunyanya makambani ekugadzira machira ekutengesa kunze) anogona kukanganisa kutengeswa kweshinda kunze kwenyika.
Semuyenzaniso, mabhizinesi emachira muShaoxing, Zhejiang, anonyanya kushandisa shinda yemuno kugadzira machira ekunze embatya, ne30% achitumirwa kuEU. Kana mabhizinesi eshinda akadzikisa kugadzirwa nekuda kwekuferefeta, mafekitori emachira anogona kutarisana nekusagadzikana kwekupihwa kwezvinhu kana kuwedzera kwemitengo. Sezvineiwo, kana mabhizinesi eshinda akacheka mitengo yekutengesa mudzimba kuchengetedza kuyerera kwemari, zvinogona kukonzeresa kukwikwidza kwemitengo mumusika wepamba, kudzvanya purofiti yemuno. Uku kuita kweketani mukati meindasitiri yemaindasitiri kunoedza kusimba kwenjodzi yemasumbu emaindasitiri.
Mukufamba kwenguva, kuferefeta kunoshandawo sekudaidzira kwekumuka kweindasitiri yeshinda yenaironi yeChina: mumamiriro ekusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwekutengeserana kwepasirese, modhi yekukura inotsamira chete pamutengo wakanaka haichagariki. Mamwe mabhizinesi anotungamira atanga kumhanyisa shanduko, sekugadzira yakakwira-yakawedzera kukosha-yakawedzera inoshanda naironi (semuenzaniso, antibacterial, inodzoreredza moto, uye biodegradable marudzi), kuderedza kuvimba ne "hondo dzemitengo" kuburikidza nemakwikwi akasiyana. Zvichakadaro, masangano emaindasitiri ari kusimudzira kugadzwa kweakawanda akajairwa mutengo accounting masisitimu emabhizinesi, achiunganidza data kuti agadzirise kusawirirana kwekutengeserana kwenyika.
Ongororo yeEU yekupokana nekurasa iratidziro ye 博弈 yezvido zvemaindasitiri muhurongwa hwekugadzirisa maindasitiri epasi rose. Kune mabhizinesi eChinese, izvi zvese zvinonetsa uye mukana wekutyaira maindasitiri ekusimudzira. Maitiro ekuchengetedza kodzero dzavo mukati mehurongwa hunoenderana uku uchidzikisa kuvimba nemusika mumwe chete kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kusiyanisa kwemusika ichave nyaya yakajairika kuindasitiri yese munguva iri kuuya.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-13-2025