Vuba aha, Pakisitani yatangije ku mugaragaro gari ya moshi idasanzwe y’ibikoresho fatizo bihuza Karachi na Guangzhou, mu Bushinwa. Ishyirwaho ry’uyu muhanda mushya w’ibikoresho byambukiranya imipaka ntiritera gusa imbaraga nshya mu bufatanye bw’inganda z’imyenda y’Ubushinwa na Pakisitani ahubwo inavugurura uburyo gakondo bwo gutwara imipaka y’ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka muri Aziya hamwe n’inyungu ebyiri z '“igihe no gukoresha neza ibicuruzwa”, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku masoko y’ubucuruzi bw’imyenda y’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu byombi ndetse no ku isi.
Kubyerekeranye nibyiza byo gutwara abantu, iyi gari ya moshi idasanzwe yageze ku ntera yingenzi muri "umuvuduko nigiciro". Igihe cyacyo cyose cyurugendo ni iminsi 12 gusa. Ugereranije n’urugendo mpuzandengo rw’iminsi 30-35 y’ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja kuva ku cyambu cya Karachi kugera ku cyambu cya Guangzhou, uburyo bwo gutwara abantu bugabanuka ku buryo bugaragara hafi 60%, bikagabanya cyane uruzinduko rw’ibikoresho fatizo by’imyenda. Ikigaragara cyane, nubwo kunoza igihe, igiciro cyubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi idasanzwe kiri munsi ya 12% ugereranije n’ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja, bikavunika inertia y’ibikoresho ko "igihe gikwiye kigomba kuza gifite ikiguzi kinini". Dufashe toni 1200 z'ipamba y'ipamba yatwawe na gari ya moshi ya mbere nk'urugero, hashingiwe ku gipimo mpuzandengo mpuzamahanga cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja kiri hagati y’ipamba (hafi $ 200 kuri toni), igiciro kimwe cyo gutwara abantu gishobora kuzigama amadolari 28.800. Byongeye kandi, irinda neza ingaruka zikunze kugaragara mu bwikorezi bwo mu nyanja nko guhagarara ku cyambu no gutinda kw'ikirere, bigaha ibigo inkunga ihamye y'ibikoresho.
Urebye igipimo cy’ubucuruzi n’inganda zifitanye isano n’inganda, itangizwa rya gari ya moshi idasanzwe rihuye neza n’ubufatanye bwimbitse bukenewe mu nganda z’imyenda y’Ubushinwa na Pakisitani. Nk’isoko ry’ingenzi ry’imyenda itumizwa mu Bushinwa, Pakisitani imaze igihe kingana na 18% by’isoko ry’imyenda y’ipamba mu Bushinwa. Mu 2024, ubudodo bw'ipamba mu Bushinwa bwatumijwe muri Pakisitani bwageze kuri toni zisaga miliyoni 1.2, cyane cyane butanga inganda z’inganda muri Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu no mu zindi ntara. Muri byo, inganda z’imyenda i Guangzhou no mu mijyi ikikije iyo zishingiye cyane cyane ku budodo bw’ipamba bwo muri Pakisitani - hafi 30% by’imyenda y’imyenda idoda mu karere kayo bisaba ko hakoreshwa ubudodo bw’ipamba muri Pakisitani. Bitewe n'uburebure bwa fibre iringaniye hamwe no gusiga irangi ryinshi, ipamba yo muri Pakisitani ni ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora imyenda yo hagati kugeza hejuru. Toni 1200 z'ipamba y'ipamba yatwawe n'urugendo rwa mbere rwa gari ya moshi idasanzwe yahawe mu buryo bwihariye ku bacuruzi barenga 10 b'imyenda minini i Panyu, Huadu no mu tundi turere twa Guangzhou, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuzuza umusaruro w'ibyo bigo mu gihe cy'iminsi 15. Hamwe nimikorere isanzwe y "urugendo rumwe mucyumweru" mubyiciro byambere, toni zigera ku 5.000 zipamba zizajya zitangwa kumasoko ya Guangzhou buri kwezi mugihe kizaza, bikagabanya byimazeyo ibarura ryibikoresho fatizo byinganda zaho kuva kuminsi 45 kugeza kumunsi 30. Ibi bifasha ibigo kugabanya imirimo shoramari no guhindura gahunda yumusaruro. Urugero, umuntu ushinzwe uruganda rukora imyenda rwa Guangzhou yavuze ko nyuma y’ibarura rimaze kugabanywa, igipimo cy’imari shoramari cy’isosiyete gishobora kwiyongeraho hafi 30%, bigatuma gishobora gukemura byimazeyo ibyifuzo byihutirwa by’abakiriya b’ibicuruzwa.
Ku bijyanye n’agaciro k’igihe kirekire, gari ya moshi idasanzwe ya Karachi-Guangzhou y’ibikoresho fatizo by’imyenda nayo itanga icyitegererezo cyo kwagura umuyoboro w’ibikoresho byambukiranya imipaka Ubushinwa na Pakisitani. Kugeza ubu, Pakisitani irateganya kwagura buhoro buhoro ibyiciro byo gutwara abantu bishingiye kuri iyi gari ya moshi idasanzwe. Mu bihe biri imbere, irashaka gushyira ibicuruzwa by’imyenda byarangiye nk'imyenda yo mu rugo hamwe n'ibikoresho by'imyenda mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu, kubaka urwego rufunze inganda za “ibicuruzwa bituruka mu gihugu cya Pakisitani bitumizwa mu mahanga + gutunganya no gukora inganda + bikwirakwizwa ku isi”. Hagati aho, inganda z’ibikoresho by’Ubushinwa nazo zirimo gukora ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n’iyi gari ya moshi idasanzwe na koridoro zambukiranya imipaka nka Gari ya moshi y’Ubushinwa n’Uburayi na Gari ya moshi y’Ubushinwa-Laos, ikora umuyoboro w’ibikoresho by’imyenda ukwirakwiza Aziya no gukwirakwiza Uburayi. Byongeye kandi, itangizwa rya gari ya moshi idasanzwe bizanateza imbere kuzamura inganda z’imyenda yo muri Pakisitani. Kugira ngo gari ya moshi idasanzwe ikenewe mu bwikorezi budasanzwe, icyambu cya Karachi muri Pakisitani cyubatsemo ibibanza 2 bishya byabigenewe ibikoresho by’ibikoresho by’imyenda kandi byongerewe ubushobozi bwo kugenzura no gushyira mu kato. Biteganijwe ko iziyongera ku mirimo igera ku 2000 y’ibanze ijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, bikarushaho gushimangira umwanya wacyo nk '“ihuriro ry’imyenda yohereza ibicuruzwa muri Aziya”.
Ku bucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’abashinwa, gutangiza iyi koridoro ntibigabanya gusa igiciro cyuzuye cyo kugura ibikoresho fatizo ahubwo binatanga uburyo bushya bwo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’isoko mpuzamahanga. Muri iki gihe, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ukomeje gukaza umurongo ngenderwaho w’ibidukikije ku myenda ndetse na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zishyiraho imisoro y’inyongera ku myenda yo muri Aziya, itangwa ry’ibikoresho fatizo bihamye hamwe n’ibikoresho bikora neza bizafasha inganda z’imyenda yo mu Bushinwa guhindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa bituje kandi byongere ubushobozi bwo guhangana mu rwego rw’agaciro ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-19-2025