Ku ya 29 Nyakanga 2025, iterambere rya politiki y’ubucuruzi ryaturutse mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU) ryashimishije cyane mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda mu Bushinwa. Komisiyo y’Uburayi yatangije ku mugaragaro iperereza ryo kurwanya imyanda ku nyuzi ya nylon yatumijwe mu Bushinwa, nyuma y’icyifuzo cy’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi Nylon Yarn Producers. Iri perereza ntireba gusa ibyiciro bine byibicuruzwa bikurikiza amategeko agenga ibiciro 54023100, 54024500, 54025100, na 54026100 ahubwo binareba ubucuruzi bugera kuri miliyoni 70.51. Ibigo by’Abashinwa byibasiwe ahanini byibanda mu masoko y’inganda z’imyenda muri Zhejiang, Jiangsu, no mu zindi ntara, bikaba bifite ingaruka ku ruhererekane rw’inganda - kuva ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga kugeza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga - ndetse n’imirimo ibihumbi icumi.
Inyuma yiperereza: Amarushanwa ahuriweho ninganda no kurengera ubucuruzi
Imbarutso y’iperereza ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi rishingiye ku bujurire rusange bw’abakora uruganda rw’iburayi nylon. Mu myaka yashize, inganda z’imyenda ya nylon mu Bushinwa zabonye umwanya ukomeye ku isoko ry’isi, bitewe n’inganda zateye imbere mu nganda, ubushobozi bunini bwo kongera umusaruro, hamwe n’inyungu zo kuzamura ikoranabuhanga, ibyoherezwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi bikomeza kwiyongera. Abakora ibicuruzwa by’i Burayi bavuga ko inganda z’Abashinwa zishobora kugurisha ibicuruzwa “munsi y’agaciro gasanzwe,” bigatuma “ibikomere by’umubiri” cyangwa “iterabwoba ry’imvune” mu nganda z’Uburayi. Ibi byatumye ihuriro ry’inganda ritanga ikirego muri komisiyo y’Uburayi.
Ku bijyanye n'ibiranga ibicuruzwa, ubwoko bune bw'imyenda ya nylon iri gukorwaho iperereza bukoreshwa cyane mu myambaro, imyenda yo mu rugo, ibikoresho byo kuyungurura inganda, no mu zindi nzego, bigira uruhare rukomeye mu ruhererekane rw'inganda. Ibyiza mu nganda mu Bushinwa muri uru rwego ntibyagaragaye mu ijoro rimwe: uturere nka Zhejiang na Jiangsu twateje imbere uburyo bwuzuye bwo kubyaza umusaruro, kuva chip ya nylon (ibikoresho fatizo) kugeza kuzunguruka no gusiga irangi. Ibigo byayoboye byateje imbere imikorere itangiza imirongo yubukorikori ifite ubwenge, mugihe ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse byagabanije ibikoresho n’ibikorwa by’ubufatanye binyuze mu ngaruka za cluster, biha ibicuruzwa byabo imbaraga zo guhangana n’ibiciro. Nyamara, uku kuzamuka kw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, gushyigikirwa n’ibinyabuzima bikomeye by’inganda, byasobanuwe n’ibigo bimwe na bimwe by’i Burayi ko ari “irushanwa ridakwiye,” amaherezo biganisha ku iperereza.
Ingaruka itaziguye ku mishinga y'Abashinwa: Kuzamuka kw'ibiciro no kuzamuka kw'isoko ridashidikanywaho
Itangizwa ry’iperereza rirwanya guta ibicuruzwa risobanura amezi 12-18 “intambara y’ubucuruzi yo kwinjiza” ku bucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa, ingaruka zikaba zarakwirakwiriye vuba muri politiki kugeza ku musaruro wabo no ku byemezo by’ibikorwa.
Icya mbereihindagurika ryigihe gito. Abakiriya ba EU barashobora gufata imyifatire yo gutegereza-bakareba mugihe cyiperereza, hamwe nibisabwa igihe kirekire bishobora gutinda cyangwa kugabanuka. Ku mishinga yishingikiriza ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (cyane cyane aho Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urenga 30% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga buri mwaka), kugabanuka kw'ibicuruzwa bigira ingaruka ku mikoreshereze y'ubushobozi. Umuntu ushinzwe uruganda rukora imyenda i Zhejiang yatangaje ko nyuma y’iperereza ryatangajwe, abakiriya babiri b'Abadage bahagaritse imishyikirano ku mabwiriza mashya, bavuga ko ari ngombwa “gusuzuma ingaruka z’amahoro ya nyuma.”
Icya kabiri, haraharikwiyongera byihishe mubiciro byubucuruzi. Kugira ngo hasubizwe iperereza, ibigo bigomba gushora imari n’abakozi n’imari mu gutegura ibikoresho by’ingabo, harimo gutandukanya ibiciro by’umusaruro, ibiciro by’igurisha, n’amakuru yohereza mu mahanga mu myaka itatu ishize. Ibigo bimwe na bimwe bigomba guha akazi ibigo by’amategeko by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, hamwe n’amafaranga yambere y’amategeko ashobora kugera ku bihumbi magana. Byongeye kandi, niba iperereza amaherezo risanze guta no gushyiraho imisoro yo kurwanya ibicuruzwa (bishobora kuva ku icumi ku ijana kugeza hejuru ya 100%), inyungu y’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bizangirika cyane, ndetse bashobora no guhatirwa kuva ku isoko.
Ingaruka zirenze kure nikutamenya neza imiterere yisoko. Kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka, ibigo bishobora guhatirwa guhindura ingamba zo kohereza mu mahanga - urugero, kwimura ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byari bigenewe Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ku masoko yo mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya, Amerika yepfo, n’ibindi. Uruganda ruciriritse rudasanzwe muri Jiangsu rwatangiye gukora ubushakashatsi ku miyoboro itunganyirizwa muri Vietnam, ruteganya kugabanya ingaruka binyuze mu “kwimura igihugu cya gatatu.” Ibi, ariko, nta gushidikanya ko bizongerera ibiciro hagati kandi bikarushaho kugabanya inyungu.
Ingaruka zingaruka zinyuze murwego rwinganda: Ingaruka ya Domino kuva mubigo kugeza mumasoko yinganda
Imiterere ihuriweho ninganda za nylon yubushinwa bivuze ko ihungabana kumurongo umwe rishobora gukwirakwira no mumugezi. Abatanga isoko yo hejuru ya nylon chip hamwe ninganda zidoda zo hasi (cyane cyane inganda ziva mubicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga) zishobora guterwa no guhagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze.
Kurugero, inganda zimyenda i Shaoxing, Zhejiang, zikoresha cyane umugozi waho kugirango zivemo imyenda yo hanze, 30% byoherezwa muburayi. Niba inganda zidoda zigabanya umusaruro kubera iperereza, uruganda rwimyenda rushobora guhura nibicuruzwa bidahungabana cyangwa izamuka ryibiciro. Ku rundi ruhande, niba inganda zidoda zigabanya ibiciro ku bicuruzwa byo mu gihugu kugira ngo bikomeze kugenda neza, bishobora guteza irushanwa ry’ibiciro ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, bikagabanya inyungu z’ibanze. Uru ruhererekane rw'uruhererekane rw'inganda rugerageza guhangana n'ingaruka z'inganda.
Mu gihe kirekire, iperereza naryo rirahamagarira gukangurira inganda zikora ubudodo bwa nylon mu Bushinwa: mu rwego rwo kuzamuka kw’ubucuruzi bw’isi ku isi, urugero rw’iterambere rushingiye gusa ku nyungu z’ibiciro ntiruramba. Ibigo bimwe byayoboye byatangiye kwihutisha impinduka, nko guteza imbere agaciro-kongerewe agaciro gakomeye nilon yarn (urugero, antibacterial, flame-retardant, na biodegradable varieties), bigabanya gushingira ku “ntambara y’ibiciro” binyuze mu marushanwa atandukanye. Hagati aho, amashyirahamwe y’inganda ateza imbere ishyirwaho ry’imikorere isanzwe y’ibaruramari ku bigo, ikusanya amakuru kugira ngo ihangane n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
Iperereza ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ryerekana cyane cyane inyungu z’inganda mu gihe cyo kuvugurura inganda ku isi. Ku mishinga y'Abashinwa, iyi ni ingorabahizi n'umwanya wo kuzamura inganda. Uburyo bwo kurengera uburenganzira bwabo mu rwego rwo kubahiriza mu gihe kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku isoko rimwe binyuze mu guhanga udushya no gutandukanya isoko bizaba ikibazo rusange ku nganda zose mu gihe kiri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-13-2025