Vuba aha, abategetsi ba Arijantine batangaje ku mugaragaro ko hakuweho ingamba zo kurwanya guta imyanda y’abashinwa yari imaze imyaka itanu, ikuraho burundu umusoro wari usanzwe wo kurwanya amadolari 3.23 kuri buri gice. Aya makuru, asa nkaho yahinduwe na politiki gusa ku isoko rimwe, mu byukuri yateje imbaraga mu nganda zohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa kandi bishobora kuba intandaro yo gufungura isoko ryose ryo muri Amerika y'Epfo, rifungura igice gishya mu kwagura isi mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda mu Bushinwa.
Ku nganda z’imyenda y’Abashinwa zikora ku isoko mpuzamahanga, inyungu zihita zivugururwa rya politiki zishingiye ku kuvugurura imiterere y’ibiciro. Mu myaka itanu ishize, umusoro wo kurwanya guta amadolari 3.23 kuri buri gice wabaye nk '“ingoyi y’igiciro” umanitse ku mishinga, bigabanya cyane ihiganwa ry’ibiciro by’imyenda y’abashinwa ku isoko rya Arijantine. Fata uruganda ruciriritse rwohereza miriyoni imwe ya denim muri Arijantine buri mwaka nkurugero. Yagombaga kwishyura miliyoni 3.23 z'amadolari buri mwaka gusa mu bikorwa byo kurwanya guta. Iki giciro cyaba cyaragabanije inyungu y’ikigo cyangwa cyatanzwe ku giciro cyanyuma, gishyira ibicuruzwa mu kaga iyo bihanganye n’ibicuruzwa bisa n’ibihugu nka Turukiya n'Ubuhinde. Noneho, hamwe ninshingano zavanyweho, ibigo birashobora gushora amafaranga menshi mubushakashatsi bwimyenda niterambere - nko guteza imbere uburyo burambye bwo kurambura, uburyo bwo kubungabunga amarangi yangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, cyangwa guhuza ibikoresho kugirango bigabanye ukwezi kuva iminsi 45 kugeza 30. Bashobora no kugabanya mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro ibiciro kugirango bongere ubushake bwabacuruzi no gufatanya byihuse imigabane yisoko. Ikigereranyo cy’inganda cyerekana ko igabanuka ry’ibiciro ryonyine rishobora gutuma hiyongeraho 30% mu bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’abashinwa muri Arijantine mu gihe cyumwaka.
Ikigaragara cyane ni uko guhindura politiki ya Arijantine bishobora gutera “ingaruka za domino,” bigatanga amahirwe yo gucukumbura isoko yose yo muri Amerika y'Epfo. Nka soko rishobora gukoreshwa ku myenda n’imyenda ku isi, Amerika y'Epfo ifite icyifuzo cya denim kirenga metero 2. Byongeye kandi, hamwe no kwaguka kurwego rwo hagati, icyifuzo cyibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge kandi bitandukanye bikomeje kwiyongera. Icyakora, mu gihe kirekire, ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byashyizeho inzitizi z’ubucuruzi nk’imisoro yo kurwanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ndetse n’ibipimo bitumizwa mu mahanga kugira ngo birinde inganda z’imbere mu gihugu, ku buryo bigoye ko ibicuruzwa by’imyenda by’abashinwa byinjira mu isoko byuzuye. Nk’ubukungu bwa kabiri mu bunini muri Amerika y'Epfo, politiki y’ubucuruzi ya Arijantine ikunze kuba urugero ku bihugu duturanye. Kurugero, Burezili na Arijantine byombi bigize isoko ryamajyepfo rusange (Mercosur), kandi hariho ubufatanye hagati yubucuruzi bwabo bwimyenda. Mexico, umunyamuryango w’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’amajyaruguru ya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, nubwo ifitanye isano rya bugufi n’isoko ry’Amerika, ifite uruhare runini mu bucuruzi ku bihugu byo muri Amerika yo Hagati. Iyo Arijantine ifashe iyambere mu guca inzitizi kandi denim yo mu Bushinwa ifata vuba umugabane w’isoko hamwe n’inyungu zayo zikora neza, ibindi bihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo birashoboka ko byongera gusuzuma politiki y’ubucuruzi. N'ubundi kandi, niba ibigo byaho bidashobora kubona imyenda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ihendutse yo mu Bushinwa kubera imisoro ihanitse, bizagabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana mu rwego rwo gutunganya imyenda yo hepfo.
Duhereye ku iterambere rirambye ry’inganda, iri terambere ryatanze amahirwe menshi mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda mu Bushinwa bwo gucukumbura cyane isoko ry’Amerika yo muri Amerika y'Epfo. Mu gihe gito, izamuka ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga rizatuma mu buryo butaziguye isubiranamo ry’uruganda rw’imbere mu gihugu - kuva mu buhinzi bw’ipamba mu Bushinwa kugeza ku ruganda rukora inganda muri Jiangsu, kuva mu gusiga amarangi no kurangiza inganda muri Guangdong kugeza ku ruganda rutunganya imyenda muri Zhejiang, urwego rwose rutanga inyungu ruzungukira ku bicuruzwa byiyongera. Mugihe giciriritse, irashobora guteza imbere kuzamura imiterere yubufatanye bwinganda. Kurugero, ibigo byabashinwa birashobora gushinga ibigo byububiko bwimyenda muri Arijantine kugirango bigabanye igihe cyo kugemura, cyangwa bigafatanya n’ibirango by’imyenda yo mu gihugu kugira ngo bateze imbere imyenda y’imyenda ikwiranye n’umubiri w’abaguzi bo muri Amerika y'Epfo, bagere ku “kwimenyekanisha kwaho.” Mu gihe kirekire, irashobora no guhindura igabana ry'imirimo mu nganda z’imyenda yo muri Amerika y'Epfo: Ubushinwa, bushingiye ku byiza byabwo mu myenda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga rirengera ibidukikije, bizahinduka isoko ry’ibanze mu nganda zikora imyenda yo muri Amerika y'Epfo, zikora urunana rukorana n’imyenda y’ubushinwa + gutunganya Amerika y'Epfo + kugurisha ku isi. ”
Mubyukuri, iri hindurwa rya politiki riremeza kandi uruhare rudasubirwaho rw’inganda z’imyenda mu Bushinwa mu rwego rw’inganda ku isi. Mu myaka yashize, binyuze mu kuzamura ikoranabuhanga, inganda z’abashinwa zavuye mu “guhatanira amafaranga make” zihinduka “umusaruro wongerewe agaciro” - kuva ku myenda irambye ikozwe mu ipamba kama n’ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga amarangi, ndetse no mu mikorere ikora hamwe no kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’ubwenge. Kurushanwa kubicuruzwa bimaze igihe kinini birenze ibyo byahoze. Icyemezo cya Arijantine cyo gukuraho umusoro wo kurwanya ibicuruzwa muri iki gihe ntabwo ari ukumenyekanisha ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa by’imyenda by’Ubushinwa ahubwo ni ngombwa ko inganda z’imbere mu gihugu zigabanya ibiciro by’umusaruro.
Hamwe n '“ibibarafu” ku isoko rya Arijantine, inganda z’imyenda z’Abashinwa zihura n’idirishya ryiza ry’amahirwe yo kwaguka muri Amerika y'Epfo. Kuva ku masoko yo kugurisha imyenda muri Buenos Aires kugeza ku cyicaro gikuru cy’urunigi muri São Paulo, kuba hari imyenda y’abashinwa bizagenda bigaragara. Ntabwo ari intambwe gusa mu mbogamizi z’ubucuruzi ahubwo ni urugero rwiza rw’inganda z’imyenda y’Ubushinwa zimaze kugera ikirenge mu cyisi ku isi n’imbaraga za tekiniki ndetse no guhangana n’inganda. Nkuko “Byakozwe mu Bushinwa” na “Amerika y'Epfo isabwa” byahujwe cyane, inkingi nshya yo gukura ifite agaciro ka miliyari icumi z'amadolari irimo kugenda ituje hakurya y'inyanja ya pasifika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-06-2025