Pa Julayi 29, 2025, ndondomeko yazamalonda yochokera ku European Union (EU) idakopa chidwi chachikulu pamakampani opanga nsalu ku China. European Commission idayambitsa kafukufuku woletsa kutaya ulusi wa nayiloni wotumizidwa kuchokera ku China, kutsatira pempho la Special Alliance of European Nayiloni Opanga Zinsalu za Nayiloni. Kufufuzaku sikungoyang'ana magulu anayi azinthu zomwe zili pansi pa mitengo yamitengo 54023100, 54024500, 54025100, ndi 54026100 komanso zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa malonda pafupifupi $70.51 miliyoni. Mabizinesi aku China omwe akhudzidwa nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu ogulitsa nsalu ku Zhejiang, Jiangsu, ndi zigawo zina, zomwe zimakhudzanso mafakitale onse - kuyambira kupanga zinthu mpaka kutha kutumiza kunja - komanso kukhazikika kwa ntchito masauzande ambiri.
Kumbuyo kwa Kufufuza: Mpikisano Wophatikizana Wamafakitale ndi Chitetezo cha Malonda
Choyambitsa kafukufuku woletsa kutaya kwa EU chagona pa chidwi chogwirizana ndi opanga ulusi wa nayiloni waku Europe. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga ulusi wa nayiloni ku China apeza mwayi waukulu pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, motsogozedwa ndi chithandizo chake chamakampani okhwima, kupanga kwakukulu, komanso kukweza kwaukadaulo, ndipo zotumiza kunja ku EU zikukula mosalekeza. Opanga ku Europe amatsutsa kuti mabizinesi aku China atha kugulitsa zinthu "zotsika mtengo," zomwe zimapangitsa "kuvulazidwa" kapena "chiwopsezo chovulaza" kumakampani apakhomo a EU. Izi zidapangitsa kuti mgwirizano wamakampaniwo upereke madandaulo ku European Commission.
Kutengera mawonekedwe azinthu, mitundu inayi ya ulusi wa nayiloni yomwe ikufufuzidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzovala, nsalu zapakhomo, zosefera zamakampani, ndi magawo ena, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati ulalo wofunikira kwambiri pamakampani. Ubwino wamafakitale waku China pagawoli sunawonekere mwadzidzidzi: madera ngati Zhejiang ndi Jiangsu apanga makina opangira, kuchokera ku tchipisi za nayiloni (zopangira) mpaka kupota ndi utoto. Mabizinesi otsogola achita bwino poyambitsa mizere yopangira mwanzeru, pomwe mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati achepetsa ndalama zogulira zinthu ndi mgwirizano kudzera mumagulu amgwirizano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zawo zizikhala zogwira ntchito molimbika. Komabe, kukula kwa malonda otumiza kunja kumeneku, mochirikizidwa ndi chilengedwe champhamvu cha mafakitale, kwatanthauzidwa ndi mabizinesi ena a ku Ulaya kukhala “mpikisano wopanda chilungamo,” ndipo pamapeto pake zachititsa kufufuzako.
Kukhudza Kwachindunji pa Mabizinesi aku China: Kukwera Mtengo ndi Kukula Kusatsimikizika kwa Msika
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kafukufuku wotsutsana ndi kutaya kumatanthauza "nkhondo yolimbana ndi malonda" ya miyezi 12-18 kwa mabizinesi aku China omwe akukhudzidwa, zomwe zimafalikira mwachangu kuchokera pamalamulo kupita ku zisankho zawo zopanga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Choyamba, palikusinthasintha kwa nthawi yochepa. Makasitomala a EU atha kukhala ndi malingaliro odikira ndikuwona pakufufuza, ndikulamula kwanthawi yayitali pachiwopsezo chochedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa. Kwa mabizinesi omwe amadalira msika wa EU (makamaka omwe EU imapanga ndalama zopitilira 30% pachaka), kutsika kwamalamulo kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Woyang'anira bizinesi ya ulusi ku Zhejiang adawulula kuti kafukufukuyu atalengezedwa, makasitomala awiri aku Germany adayimitsa zokambirana zawo pazatsopano, ponena kuti ndikofunikira "kuwunika kuopsa kwa mitengo yomaliza."
Chachiwiri, alipokukwera kobisika kwa ndalama zamalonda. Kuti ayankhe pakufufuzaku, mabizinesi amayenera kuyika ndalama zambiri za anthu ndi ndalama pokonzekera zida zodzitetezera, kuphatikiza kusanja ndalama zopangira, mitengo yogulitsa, ndi deta yotumiza kunja kwazaka zitatu zapitazi. Mabizinesi ena amafunikiranso kulemba ganyu makampani azamalamulo aku EU, ndi ndalama zoyambira zomwe zitha kufika mazana masauzande a RMB. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati kafukufukuyo apeza kuti kutayidwa ndikuyika ntchito zotsutsana ndi kutaya (zomwe zitha kukhala kuchokera pamakumi angapo mpaka kupitirira 100%), phindu lamtengo wazinthu zaku China pamsika wa EU litha kuwonongeka kwambiri, ndipo atha kukakamizidwa kuti achoke pamsika.
Chikoka chofika patali kwambiri ndikusatsimikizika pakupanga msika. Kuti apewe zoopsa, mabizinesi angakakamizidwe kusintha njira zawo zotumizira kunja-mwachitsanzo, kusuntha zinthu zina zomwe zidakonzedweratu ku EU kupita kumisika yaku Southeast Asia, South America, ndi zina zambiri. Bizinesi yapakatikati ku Jiangsu yayamba kale kufufuza njira zaku Vietnamese, ikukonzekera kuchepetsa ziwopsezo kudzera "kutumiza kumayiko achitatu." Izi, mosakayika, zidzawonjezera ndalama zapakatikati ndikufinyanso malire a phindu.
Zotsatira za Ripple Pakati pa Industrial Chain: Domino Effect kuchokera ku Enterprises kupita ku Industrial Clusters
Kuphatikizika kwamakampani opanga ulusi wa nayiloni ku China kumatanthauza kuti kugwedezeka kwa ulalo umodzi kumatha kufalikira kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mtsinje. Ogulitsa tchipisi cha nayiloni kumtunda ndi mafakitale oluka kunsi kwa mtsinje (makamaka makampani opanga nsalu zotumiza kunja) angakhudzidwe ndi kusokonekera kwa kutumiza ulusi kunja.
Mwachitsanzo, mabizinesi opanga nsalu ku Shaoxing, Zhejiang, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wakomweko kupanga nsalu zakunja, ndipo 30% imatumizidwa ku EU. Ngati mabizinesi a ulusi achepetsa kupanga chifukwa cha kafukufuku, mafakitale opanga nsalu amatha kukumana ndi kusakhazikika kwazinthu zopangira kapena kukwera kwamitengo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mabizinesi a ulusi achepetsa mitengo yogulitsira m'nyumba kuti asunge ndalama, zitha kuyambitsa mpikisano wamitengo pamsika wapanyumba, ndikufinya mapindu am'deralo. Zomwe zimachitika m'mafakitale zimayesa kulimba mtima kwa magulu amakampani.
M'kupita kwa nthawi, kufufuzaku kumagwiranso ntchito ngati kudzutsidwa kwa mafakitale a ulusi wa nayiloni ku China: pokhudzana ndi kukwera kwa chitetezo cha malonda padziko lonse, chitsanzo cha kukula chodalira phindu lamtengo wapatali sichikhalanso chokhazikika. Mabizinesi ena otsogola ayamba kufulumizitsa kusintha, monga kupanga ulusi wa nayiloni wamtengo wapatali (monga antibacterial, flame-retardant, ndi biodegradable mitundu), kuchepetsa kudalira "nkhondo zamitengo" kudzera m'mipikisano yosiyana. Pakadali pano, mabungwe amakampani akulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa njira zowerengera ndalama zofananira m'mabizinesi, ndikusonkhanitsa deta kuti athe kuthana ndi mikangano yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kafukufuku wotsutsana ndi kutaya kwa EU ndi chithunzithunzi cha 博弈 ya zokonda zamafakitale pakukonzekera kukonzanso kwamakampani padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa mabizinesi aku China, izi ndizovuta komanso mwayi wopititsa patsogolo kukweza kwa mafakitale. Momwe angatetezere maufulu awo motsatira ndondomeko zotsatiridwa pamene kuchepetsa kudalira msika umodzi kupyolera mu luso lazopangapanga ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa msika idzakhala nkhani yodziwika kwa makampani onse mu nthawi ikubwerayi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-13-2025